This page was last edited on 11 october 2016, at 15. The large leaves of the plant resemble elephant ears. Believed to be ones of the earliest cultivated root crop, colocasia esculenta or taro is a tropical plant characterized by its large fat leaves on the end of upright leaf stalks and its thickened rounded corm. It has been intentionally introduced in many tropical and subtropical regions to be used as a food crop and animal fodder onwueme, 1999. However, its origin, diversification and dispersal remain unclear. Schott is an important food crop with global production of about 12 million tons per year from over 2 million hectares faostat, 2014. It is most commonly known as taro and is widely cultivated in the high rainfall areas under flooded condition usually by small farmers. Traditionally, taro is propagated vegetatively through suckers.
Biodegradable film from wild taro colocasia esculenta l. Crude extract from taro colocasia esculenta as a natural. All parts of taro can cause stomach aches, if ingested without cooking. All structured data from the file and property namespaces is available under the creative commons cc0 license. Safokantaka, 2004, and has subsequently escaped from cultivated areas into natural areas where it becomes invasive langeland et al. Schott is widely distributed in tropical and subtropical areas. Taro is an evergreen, perennial plant producing a cluster of leaves with long, erect petioles, growing from 40 200cm tall from a large, tuberous. Taro colocasia esculenta is a plant with a starchy root similar to a potato, and its used in popular dishes around the world, like hawaiian poi and many dishes in southeast asia, where it probably originated. Colocasia, elephant ear, taro colocasia esculenta black. Green taro is a tuberous bulb plant growing 35 ft tall. Browse pictures and read growth cultivation information about colocasia, elephant ear, taro colocasia esculenta black ruffles supplied by member gardeners in the plantfiles database at daves. Elephant ears colocasia taro plants giant elephant. Unlike the leaves of alocasia which point skyward, the leaves of colocasia droop and point toward the ground. The size of the tubers seduce you into thinking you have a sleeping giant.
Pdf characterisation of taro colocasia esculenta l. Starr1202292778colocasia esculentaold taro loi being restored with jeremy and kimwaikapu valleymaui 25042775831. First report of taro vein chlorosis virus infecting taro. Safokantaka, 2004, and has subsequently escaped from cultivated areas into natural areas. Colocasia esculenta taro, elephant ears taro, dasheen. Touch device users, explore by touch or with swipe gestures. Although colocasia esculenta is the main species grown in gardens and as commercial taro plants, we also offer other hard to find exotic species of elephant ear plants including colocasia gigantea, colocasia fallax, and colocasia affinis. Colocasia, elephant ear, taro colocasia esculenta elena. It is an erect herbaceous perennial root crop widely cultivated in tropical and subtropical. Colocasia esculenta an overview sciencedirect topics. Primarily grown for its dramatic foliage, awardwinning colocasia esculenta taro is a tuberous, evergreen perennial with longstalked, heartshaped or arrowshaped, soft velvety, richgreen leaves. Starch and karyotype study of taro colocasia esculenta l. Araceae black colocasia, black magic, taro, black elephant ear, malanga amarillo, dasheen origin. Nutritional potential, health and food security benefits of taro colocasia esculenta l.
Colocasia esculenta ornamental taro growing guide big. Taro traditional pacific island crops research guides. Starch was extracted from wild taro by manual peeling, chopping, grinding, filtering, settling and sun drying. Pdf colocasia esculenta is a tropical plant grown primarily for its edible corms, the root and vegetables.
While taro genetic diversity has been documented at the country and regional levels in asia and the pacific, few reports are available from americas and africa where it has been introduced through human migrations. Reminiscent of calla lily flowers, the blossoms consist of a yellowishgreen spathe. Now found throughout the tropics and much of the subtropics. Review of taro colocasia esculenta genetics and breeding. The crude taro extract cte stimulated the in vitro. The 1980 list was based upon the work of the regional committee in southeast asia and its.
Taro was an important plant for the ancient hawaiians. It is cultivated mainly in developing countries, rarely on large plantations but on small farms with little technology. Colocasia esculenta wild taro this plant can be weedy or invasive according to the authoritative sources noted below. Taro probably originated in southeast asia or southern asia. A particular siren of the exotic vegetable world is the taro colocasia esculenta var. It is one of the most important staple food crops in the pacific islands and is widely grown throughout the south pacific, asia, and africa kreike et al.
Primarily grown for its spectacular foliage, colocasia esculenta black magic taro is a tuberous, frosttender perennial with longstalked, heartshaped, smoky purplishblack leaves, up to 2 ft. Colocasia esculenta is a fastgrowing herbaceous plant that originates from a large corm and can grow to 4 ft. Wild taro, dasheen colocasia esculenta the wild taro is not native to florida. Colocasia is a genus of flowering plants in the family araceae, native to southeastern asia and the indian subcontinent. Schott genetic resources in southeast asia and oceania. Taro colocasia esculenta is a tropical tuber crop largely produced for its underground corms contain 7080 % starch and the corms of colocasia antiquorum contain anthocyanins such as cyanidin3glucoside, pelargonidin3glucoside and cyanidin3chemnoside which were reported to have antioxidative and antiinflammatory properties. Antimetastatic activity isolated from colocasia esculenta. Colocasia esculenta taro or elephants ear item number. Cocoyams can also be processed into various food products used for industrial and culinary purposes. Files are available under licenses specified on their description page. Wills school of food technology, university of new. Colocasia esculenta scholarspace university of hawaii.
Major producers are africa, asia and the pacific, with the philippines ranking tenth. The name taro is generally used to refer to colocasia esculenta, one of several major root crops in the araceae family aroids. Products colocasia araceae additional pictures available to view. Media in category colocasia esculenta the following 200 files are in this category, out of 321 total. Its adventicious and shallow root system arises from the corm, a swollen underground stem that contains high levels of fine starch and weighs up to 1 kg. Browse pictures and read growth cultivation information about colocasia, elephant ear, taro colocasia esculenta elena supplied by member gardeners in the plantfiles database at daves garden. For gardeners, it is primarily grown as a foliage plant with huge, heartshaped to arrowheadshaped, conspicuouslyveined, downwardpointing. Schott genetic resources in southeast asia and oceania v. Iliuaua with leaves displaying veinal chlorosis and necrosis were observed on the island of molokai. Taro corms are very high in starch, and are a good source of dietary fiber. Schott is a tropical root crop grown primarily for its starchy corm or underground stem. Pdf nutritional potential, health and food security. It is most commonly known as taro and is widely cultivated in the high rainfall areas under.
Taro was the most important food throughout the hawaiian islands. Comparison of taiwan paddy and uplandcultivated taro. Besides its nutritional value, taro colocasia esculenta is traditionally used as a medicinal plant and provides bioactive compounds with important biological properties. Colocasia esculenta l is distributed in a wide area in west sumatra, indonesia so that genetic variations and variations in anatomical. This study evaluated the in vitro and in vivo immunomodulatory potential of the protein extract from taro corms on the haematopoietic cells of c57bl6 and balbc mice. The term taro is used to refer to colocasia esculenta l. Colocasia esculenta, black colocasia, black magic, taro. Unfortunately, growth in a temperate climate is pathetic. Scheirer, department of biology, northeastern university, 360 huntington avenue, boston, massachusetts 02115, usa.
Pdf during the past years, precisely 19651980, yam and taro reigned supreme in the southern parts of. Large matt black, heart shaped leaves up to 20 long, on blackpurple leaf stalks. It is a family of aracea cultivated for its edible corms. Considered a principal agricultural weed in puerto rico and present as a weed in jamaica holm et al. Taro colocasia esculenta l is a local food ingredient that has the potential to be developed in the future.
Common names include karkala ko ganu, elephantear, pidalu, taro, cocoyam, dasheen, aloochi paane, saru, hembu, chamadhumpa. This plant may be known by one or more common names in. Colocasia esculenta, commonly called taro, is a tuberous, stemless, frosttender perennial of the arum family see also calla lily and jackinthepulpit which typically grows 36 tall and as wide. Raw taro contains sodium, carbohydrate, dietary fiber, sugars, protein, vitamins and minerals. The flower is a spathe, yellow in colour, and fused along the stalk. These symptoms were similar to those of taro vein chlorosis, a disease of taro caused by taro vein chlorosis virus tavcv. Like us, if you love jungly or exotic plants, no garden is complete without colocasia. L taro colocasia esculenta, a member of the araceae family, is an ancient crop grown throughout the humid tropics for its edible corms and leaves, as well as.
Although colocasia esculenta and its varieties is predominantly tropical in origins, it is very adaptable and can be found growing yearround in warmer temperate zones such as the mediterranean. Benefits of cocoyam tarocolocasia esculenta culinary purposes. Taro colocasia esculenta is a tropical plant that is a major dietary staple in many regions of asia and africa. It produces heart shaped leaves 23 ft long and 12 ft across on 3 ft long stalks that all emerge from an upright tuberous rootstock, technically a corm. Colocasia esculenta is a tropical plant grown primarily for its edible corms, the root and vegetables. However, elephants ear more properly applies to another species of plant.
It grows up to 1 m in height and the leaves are up to 50 cm long. Taro is used as a staple food or subsistence food by millions of people in the developing countries in asia, africa and central america. Uses please consult the links on the plants plant profile for this species for extensive information not contained within this plant guide. Cocoyam can be consumed in different ways through roasting, cooking, frying, baking, pounding and milling etc. This study aimed to produce and characterize biodegradable film from colocasia esculenta l. Anatomy and histochemistry of taro, colocasia esculenta l. Taro is one of such crops grown for various purposes. Nutrient composition of taro colocasia esculenta cultivars from the papua new guinea highlands ron b.
Schott is an herbaceous perennial, mostly cultivated as an annual. The taro colocasia esculenta flour was evaluated to the preparation of the milk pudding as a hydrocolloid. It is an ancient crop grown throughout tropical, subtropical and many warm regions of the. Schott mohd shakir mohamad yusop 1, mohd faiz mat saad 1, noraini talip 2, syarul nataqain baharum 1 and hamidun bunawan 1, 1 institute of systems biology, universiti kebangsaan malaysia, 43600 bangi selangor, malaysia. Genetic diversification and dispersal of taro colocasia. The physicochemical properties of taro flour were compared with corn starch and rice flour which generally take place in pudding mix, then they were incorporated into. Colocasia esculenta florida exotic pest plant council. Some species are widely cultivated and naturalized in other tropical and subtropical regions. Reminiscent of calla lily flowers, the blossoms consist of a yellowish. Pdf potentials and challenges of sustainable taro colocasia.
Taro colocasia esculenta as an alternative source of biodegradable plastic names. It is believed to be one of the earliest crops to be domesticated with several centers of domestication, one being in new guinea. The handbook of commercialscale taro colocasia esculenta tissue culture in hawaii, provides the necessary information to propagate taro in a commercial laboratory setting to anyone who has basic training and experience in plant tissue culture. Schott, a member of the araceae family, is an ancient crop grown throughout the humid tropics for its edible corms. This paper considers the geographic distribution and cultural ecology of colocasia esculenta with respect to the.
26 1098 906 461 1183 1180 437 1326 1283 171 866 641 1557 554 541 1262 909 934 1230 21 967 689 520 392 512 879 1334 630 188 1244 1424 651 252 15 630 528 1268 1334 158 697 389 1358